Meaning
The last step in research work is
report writing. Report writing is the most important task even though it is the
last task. In it, the achievements of the entire research are presented to all
through concise writing as a conclusion. A report is a document prepared by
analyzing the findings of research in a simple, concise, and meaningful
manner, with a sufficient logical basis. The report may be longer or shorter
depending on the subject and purpose of the research. However, all the reports
express the findings of the investigation. A doctor prepares a report about a disease;
an engineer prepares a report by studying the feasibility of a house, a road,
electricity. A social researcher prepares a report by studying poverty,
divorce, suicide, unemployment, social problems, child psychology, etc. Similarly, development activists, entrepreneurs,
managers, politicians, etc. all prepare reports by studying in their respective
fields. Reports at all these levels include the introduction of research,
objectives, method of study, findings, achievements, and facts found in
research. The act of writing a document with these facts in a phased,
systematic, and logical manner at each level is called report writing. Therefore, a report acts as a means of communication
that conveys the findings of the research to all. If a prepared research
report is placed on the internet, it can be seen and understood by the world.
Overall research findings are
scattered. The relationship between the variables cannot be declared without
examination. It is not known what the unorganized facts are trying to show or
express. This requires different levels of analysis. Therefore, we can call a document prepared by dividing
the obtained facts into stages of introduction, purpose, research method,
utility, fact analysis, deliberation, etc.
In fact, a report is a formal
document that serves the purpose of an investigation. In which the results of
the hypothesis test are clearly laid out. In which the curiosity and curiosity
of a researcher and the readers are aroused. Also, what is the subject? What
was the method of analysis and deliberation? Etc. is clearly mentioned in a
report and the grounds for maximum reliability are presented logically. At the end of a preparation report, conclusions and
suggestions are presented. From which the researcher can get enough benefits.
Therefore, just as a report needs to have an adequate logical basis, it needs to
be simple, clear, and credible. This should be scientifically analyzed.
A student studying at a
university who is pursuing a postgraduate degree has prepared a thesis or
dissertation. Similarly, a student pursuing a Ph.D. Research texts are prepared
by studying the level. In all these works, the conclusion obtained from certain
research is presented in a phased manner and a certain type of report is
prepared. Therefore, report writing plays an important role in all types of
research.
Characteristics of a Good Report
1. A good report is a
systematic, meaningful, clear, and concise document of long research.
2. It should be presented in a phased manner.
3.
The casual relationship between the parties should be clearly shown.
4. If a hypothesis has been raised, it
should be mentioned along with the method tested.
3. The report should be simple in nature.
4.
Proper attention should be paid to linguistic accuracy and grammar.
5.
The report should use words like researcher and researcher without using
words like I, My, Me, U, (I. My, Me, Mine).
6.
Various drawing tables and graphs should be used appropriately and
relevantly to make the report attractive.
7. The difficult
words, technical words, acronyms, local words, etc. used in the report should
be clearly stated in its notes and appendix.
8.
Depending on the nature of the report, the role of experts is also
written.
9. Adequate
testing, processing of data, and analysis and deliberation should be done.
10.
The boundaries of the report should be open and suggestions should be
submitted.
11.
Focus on the target group.
12.
A report should be organized in an appropriate format according to the
nature of the research.
13. A report
should be free from bias and should be based on objective analysis.
14.
A good report should include linguistic simplicity, clarity, use of
citations and reference texts.
15.
The report should be prepared on the proper size,
good winding and quality paper.
Objectives of
Report Writing
Research in any
field, whether related to the social sciences or to the physical sciences, has
specific objectives in all levels and types of research. This is organized and
prepared in a report after research. Any kind of research is done to
fulfill the theoretical objective of the practical objective. It is also presented to all through reports of the same
nature. Therefore, the purpose of report writing is related to the purpose of
research. Since the achievement and justification of the research can be
explained through the writing of the report, the objectives of the report can
be summarized as follows.
1. To make the facts obtained from research meaningful by
organizing and organizing.
2. To express the findings of the research as conclusions.
Making non-speaking facts speak.
3. To curb human curiosity.
4: Evaluate the purpose of the whole research.
5. Providing suggestions and advice from current studies for
future researchers. To provide knowledge to the interested person about the
findings, methods, and methods of research.
6. To summarize the findings of the research logically by reviewing complex, disorganized, reduced, or more facts, irrelevance, etc.
7. To establish credibility and validity by evaluating the
achievement of research.
8. Concluding the investigation.
9. To bring the conclusion to the level of generalization.
Research
Report Format
Specified
outlines play a very important role in report writing. Through which effective
reports can be prepared. Here the specified templates have been developed based
on the Technical Report. The nature of this technical field is the report
related to the research of Master's Level and Ph.D. level. Apart from this, this format can be used more or less in
some institutional research and development-related research. This template is
also called the report outline. This outline is related to the format prepared
by Krishnaswami.
a) Preliminary Part
1.
Title page
2.
Recommendation letter
3. Preface or
Acknowledgment
4. Table of
content
5. List of
tables
6. List of
illustrations and figures
7. Abbreviation
8. Abstract or
synopsis
b) Main
Section or Text
I)
Introduction
1. General
Introduction of Report
2. Statement of
the Problem
3. Theoretical
Background of the Topic
4. Review of
Literature
5. The Scope of
Present Study
6. The
Objectives of the Study
7. Hypothesis To
be Tested
8. Definition of Concepts
II) The Design of Research
1. Methodology
2. Source of
Data
3. Sampling Plan
4. Data
Collection Instruments
5. Field Work
6. Data
Processing and Analysis
7. An Overview
of Report
8. Limitation of
Report
III) Results
: Findings and Conclusion
IV) Summary,
Conclusion and Recommendations
C) Terminal
Items or References Section
1.
Bibliography
2. Appendix
a) Copies of Data Collection
Instrument
b. Technical's
Details on Sampling Plan
c. Complex
Tables
d. Glossary and
New Terms Used in the Report
3. Glossary
4. Index
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